Portugal

The Teatro Nacional de Sao Carlos opened in Lisbon's Chiado district on 30 June 1793 and has been a national monument since 1996; its resident Orquestra Sinfonica Portuguesa was formed in 1993. The Gulbenkian Orchestra was founded in Lisbon in 1962 by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, began with twelve players and took its present name in 1971. Carlos Seixas, Joao Domingos Bomtempo and Luis de Freitas Branco are among Portuguese composers. Fado entered the UNESCO intangible heritage lists in 2011.