This is generally regarded as the earliest surviving concerto for solo viola, written by Telemann in Frankfurt or Eisenach around 1716–21, when the instrument was still treated as an inner voice rather than a soloist. Its four movements follow the church-sonata pattern, slow–fast–slow–fast, with the viola given a singing line in the two slow movements and running figuration in the fast ones. Telemann played the instrument himself. The work was not published in his lifetime and entered the repertoire only in the twentieth century, when violists needed Baroque concertos of their own.